Development of a flipbook learning media based on project-based learning (PJBL) for the brake system unit

Abstract

This study was motivated by low student learning outcomes and the limited availability of interactive learning media for the Braking System topic in Light Vehicle Chassis and Power Train Maintenance (PSPTKR). The study aimed to develop an Android-accessible digital flipbook based on Project-Based Learning (PjBL) and evaluate its validity, practicality, and effectiveness in improving student learning outcomes. A Research and Development (R&D) approach was employed using the ADDIE model, followed by a quasi-experimental evaluation using a nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design. The product was validated by three media experts and two material experts, while practicality was assessed by two teachers and students. Effectiveness was evaluated using two groups of eleventh-grade Light Vehicle Engineering (TKRO) students. Data were collected through validation and practicality questionnaires and a 20-item multiple-choice achievement test. The results showed high validity based on media experts (Aiken’s V = 0.90) and material experts (Aiken’s V = 0.93). Practicality was rated very high by teachers (96.67%) and students (99.21%). The experimental group’s mean score increased from 47.97 to 89.06, with an N-Gain of 0.78, categorized as high. Inferential analysis indicated a statistically significant and practically meaningful difference between the experimental and control groups. Overall, the findings demonstrate that the PjBL-based digital flipbook is a valid, practical, and effective learning medium for vocational automotive education.